The first of the month of Shawwal is the first day of the Iyd of Fitr and the tenth of Zilhijja is the first day of the Iyd of Qurban. On these two days it is wajib for men to perform two rakats of Iyd namaz at the time of ishraq, that is, after the time of karahat has passed following the sun rise. The conditions for the namaz of Iyd are like the conditions for the Friday prayer. But in the former, the khutba is sunnat and is said after the namaz. In the Iyd of Fitr it is mustahab to eat something sweet [dates or candy], to make a ghusl, to use the miswak, to wear the newest clothes, to give the fitra before the namaz, and to say the takbir softly on the way.

In the Iyd of Qurban it is mustahab not to eat anything before the namaz, to eat the meat of Qurban first after the namaz, to say the takbir-i tashrik loudly, but softly for those who have an excuse, when going for the namaz.

It is written in Halabi al-kabir, "the namaz of Iyd consists of two rakats. It is performed in jamaat. It cannot be performed individually. In the first rakat, after the Subhanaka the takbir-i zawaid is said three times, that is, the hands are lifted up to the ears three times; in the first and second times, they are let down hanging on both sides, and after the third time they are clasped under the navel. After the imam says the Fatiha and the additional sura aloud, they (the imam and the jamaat) bow for the ruku'. In the second rakat the Fatiha and an additional sura are said first, then the hands are lifted up to the ears three times, and after each time they are let down hanging on both sides. In the fourth takbir you do not lift your hands up to your ears but instead prostrate for the ruku'. In the first and second rakats five and four takbirs are said respectively. And in order not to forget where you will put your hands in those nine takbirs, you memorize this procedure as follows: "Hang them twice and clasp them once. Hang them thrice and then prostrate." It is stated in Ma-la- budda, "A person who misses the jamaat does not make qada of Iyd prayer. If they cannot perform it for some excuse, they perform it on the second day of Iyd-i-fitr and on the third day of Iyd-i-adha."

Iyd means bayram. Those days are called Iyd because every year Muslims' sins are forgiven in the month of Ramadan and on the Arafa Day and their joy and felicity come back on those days. If the first day of Iyd is a Friday, both the namaz of Iyd and the namaz of Friday will be performed according to the Hanafi Madhhab. They are performed in their appointed times. If there is a janaza (funeral) on the morning of the Iyd the namaz of Iyd is performed first. The namaz of janaza is performed after that because the namaz of Iyd is wajib for everybody. However, the namaz of janaza is to be performed before the khutba of the Iyd.

It is makruh for those who are not on Arafat to assemble at some place and do as the hajjis do on Arafa day (the day before the first day of the Iyd of Qurban). But it is permissible to assemble in order to listen to some Islamic preaching or for doing any other worship. [Please see the eighty-fourth chapter in the first part of Turkish version!]

According to the Imamayn, from morning prayer on the Arafa day, that is, the day preceding the Iyd of Qurban, until late afternoon prayer on the fourth day, which amounts to twenty-three prayers of namaz in all, it is wajib for everyone, for men and women, for hajjis and for those who are not making the hajj, for those who are performing namaz in jamaat and for those who are performing it alone to say the Takbir-i tashrik (Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar. La ilaha illallah. Wallahu akbar. Allahu akbar wa lillahil-hamd) once immediately after making the salam in any namaz that is fard or when making qada of any fard namaz for the days of this Iyd. This (takbir) is said after the prayers of Friday, too. It is mustahab to recite it after Iyd prayer. It is not said after the namaz of janaza. It is not necessary to say it after leaving the mosque or if you have talked (after the namaz). If the imam forgets the takbir, the jamaat must not omit it. Men may say it loudly. The second, third and fourth days of the Iyd of Qurban, are called Ayyam-i tashrik.

It is written in the book Nimat-i Islam: "It is sunnat to do the following things on the Iyd days: to get up early; to make a ghusl; to clean the teeth with miswak; to put on perfume [without alcohol]; to put on new and clean clothes; to show that one is happy; to eat sweetmeat before the prayer of the Iyd of Fitr; to eat dates; to eat an odd number of them, for one who performs the qurban, to eat first the meat of qurban; to perform morning prayer in the masjid of one's quarter and to go a large mosque for the Iyd prayer; to wear a ring on that day; to go to the mosque early and to go on foot; to say the Iyd takbirs softly on the Iyd of Fitr and loudly on the Iyd of Adha; to take a different route on one's way back [from the mosque]. This is because the places where one offers one's ibadat and the routes that one takes when going for 'ibadat will stand as witnesses on the Day of Judgement; to welcome the believers [Muslims] with a smiling face and by saying 'Salamun 'alaikum'; to give alms generously to the poor [and to give help to those who are working to disseminate true Islam]; to give the sadaqa-i fitr before the Iyd prayer." It is sunnat also to reconcile those who are cross with one another; to visit one's relatives and brothers-in-Islam, and to give them presents. Finally, it is sunnat for men to visit graves.

[It is stated as follows in hadith-i sharifs: "Man takes to those who do them favors," and "Give presents to one another and you will love one another." The most valuable and the most useful present is a smiling face and honeyed words. You should always treat everybody with a smiling face and soft words, whether they are friends or enemies, Muslims or disbelievers, unless they are bidat holders. You should not quarrel with anybody. Quarreling will mar friendship. It will aggravate hostilities. You should not become angry with anybody. A hadith ash-Sharif admonishes: "Do not become angry!" At times of fitna, mischief, when you see people worshipping a cow, feed straw to the cow lest you should anger them.